Thank you for the details!
Well, I don’t know exactly why it is displayed there, maybe the theme executes the content filter in the archive listings. There is no option to change that unfortunately, it depends on the theme itself.
However I found a possible solution, I hope it is ok for you 🙂
If you enter a post excerpt, then that will be displayed in the category archive, instead of the post:
- First, enable the excerpts in the editor if it’s disabled: http://i.imgur.com/TdQAs2N.png
- Enter the “excerpt” text in the post excerpt field. It should be a short description, or a few senteces from the post: http://i.imgur.com/kjsfsbM.png
- After saving the post, the theme will display the excerpt on the archive pages: http://i.imgur.com/LIHhudI.png
I hope this solution is ok with you. Let me know if you need any more help!